Differential Immigration and Citizenship in the 19th Century in Oregon
The immigration debate that is being discussed nationally, has cause me to think about what immigration was like in the…
Tag: General History
Treaty of Peace with the Rogue River Tribes, September 8, 1853
Previous to the seven ratified treaties with the tribes of western Oregon there were two treaties of peace with the Rogue River tribe. The treaty of 1850, is…
Henry B. Nichols recalls the Calapooians, 1903
Henry Brainard Nichols, was a school teacher and state legislator from Benton County, in Oregon. He was born 1821 in Lyme, Connecticut, and attended Wesleyan University at Middletown.…
The Willamette Valley Treaty Podcast for the Grand Ronde Tribe
The ratified treaties series, just completed today (1/17/2018), was inspired by a request from Dean Rhodes, Media Director at Grand Ronde, for me to tape a podcast about…
Rogue River Treaty of 1854, Negotiated November 15, 1854, Ratified March 3, 1855
The second Rogue River Treaty, that of 1854, was a treaty if peace, and ratifying the joint occupancy of the Table Rock Reservation by many tribes subject to…
Treaty with the Chasta, Negotiated November 18, 1854, Ratified March 3, 1855
The Treaty with the Chasta was signed on November 18, 1854, ceding a good portion of the Illinois and Rogue River areas, west of the Rogue Valley, to…
Rogue River Treaty of 1853, Negotiated September 10, 1853, Ratified April 12, 1854
The Rogue River Treaty of 1853 was negotiated at the base of the Lower Table Rock, between the base and the river. Accounts of the treaty signing suggest…
Treaty with the Molala, Negotiated December 21, 1855, Ratified March 8, 1859
The Treaty with the Molala is the last treaty negotiated for western Oregon. Joel Palmer heard late in 1855, in fact in October, that there was a tribe…
Treaty with the Umpqua and Kalapuya, Negotiated November 29, 1854, Ratified March 3, 1855
On November 29th 1854, the tribes of the upper Umpqua River (Umpqua) and Yoncalla Kalapuyans signed a treaty with the United States for their lands. This was the…
Treaty with the Umpqua – Cow Creek Band, Negotiated September 19, 1853, Ratified April 12, 1854
The Treaty with the Cow Creek Band of Umpqua is the first treaty in Oregon to be negotiated and ratified. The treaty establishes the Umpqua Reservation for…
The Willamette Valley Treaty (Treaty with the Kalapuya, Etc.) Signed January 22 & Ratified March 3, 1855
The Willamette Valley Treaty was designed to remove the tribes from western Oregon, from lands desired by American settlers. When the treaty was finally signed, on January 22th,…
Stingy American Settlers of the Willamette Valley
The Kalapuyan tribes of the Willamette Valley have lived here for more than 10,000 years, some 50,000 generations of people. The whole of the valley was owned…
Anson Dart and the Willamette Treaty Commission
Many scholars of Oregon tribal history have assumed, as have I, that Anson Dart, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Oregon from 1850 to 1852 was responsible for…
Dart’s Instructions of Colonization and Assimilation in 1850
In 1850, the United States passed The Oregon Donation Land-claim Act. This act gave American men 640 acres, one square mile of free land in Oregon, allowed other…
Rejection of the Nineteen 1851 Oregon Treaties
Anson Dart, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs for Oregon, from 1850 to 1852, remains an enigma. His nineteen treaties with the tribes of western Oregon, negotiated by the…
The Battle of Abiqua, Second Battle of the Willamette Valley
The Battle of Abiqua In February 1848, six months after the Whitman Massacre, the settlers in the Willamette valley were very tense, concerned that the tribes would gather…
Klickitat Bands Colonize the Columbia River and Northwestern Oregon
The Klickitat (Klikitat, Clickitat) tribe are for many people, synonymous with “Oregon Indians.” Yet, the Klickitats are not originally from Oregon at all. Their habitations in the 19th…
Lower Chinook Vocabulary by Robert Shortess, 1853
Robert Shortess married a Clatsop woman in the late 1840s in Astoria, Oregon. He had arrived in Oregon in 1839 and was active around the Willamette Valley for…
The Original 1855 Belden Map, Compared to the Redrafted Version
In 1855, the United States was on a campaign to purchase all of the land from the Oregon Tribes and remove them to reservations. Joel Palmer, Superintendent of…
Trade Between the Interior and the Coast; Kalapuyans, Klikitats, Coosans
Previous to the Americans and the British In Oregon, the tribes had a millennium of interrelationships with one another. Trade was a major part of the lives of…
Oral Histories of Native Experiences at Yahaats Sub-Agency
Yachats, today, is a tourist area on the Oregon Coast. The area is known for its amazingly beautiful coastline, for sea lions, and whale watching and weekend vacationing.…
Andrew S. Charles, Siuslaw Informant 1931
In 1931, the coastal tribes were in the midst of a lawsuit against the federal government. The tribes of the southern coast, between the California border and North…
The 1851 Tansy Point Treaty Journal: The Clatsop Treaty
For the Tansy Point Treaties, Dart worked to get all the land from the tribes. By this time the tribes had already heard rumors of the treaties, and…
The 1851 Treaty Commission: the Ya-su-chah at Port Orford
This second treaty at Port Orford was with a tribe south of the Rogue River, likely the Chetleshin tribe. This is another athapaskan speaking tribe that already had…